A Study on Business Opportunities and Challenges of Ghorahi Copy Udyog

Executive Summary

As we know that this is the 21st century and in this competitive world there various category of business. Due to the globalization process people are starting their business in different countries. So, that the business is taken as the way of interaction among the people.

We find some businesses are is successful due to effective management and technology but some are failure because of ineffective management and technology. So, to run business smoothly the effective management and technology is required. We can see the competition among various businesses in the market. So, to analyze the situation of Ghorahi Copy Udyog the research has been conducted.

Today’s business is customer oriented not the market oriented. Before there was monopoly market but now due to the establishment of Laissez faire economy there is perfect competition the market. And the business person should give priority in quality rather than quantity. Among the various business of Dang Valley Ghorahi Copy Udyog is also one of the successful businesses in dang. After the establishment of this business there are many opportunities and challenges faced by this Udyog. Though the Udyog is partnership business but we can find the better relationship among the owner of the Udyog.

Mainly Ghorahi Copy Udyog is established to fulfill the demand of students, private and Government institutions. But due to the different obstacles this Udyog is backward to fulfill the demand of Government institutions. i.e. the Government institutions do not demand its products in large amount. The owner of this business gives more priority on quality rather than quantity. Similarly due to the lack of skilled manpower and technology this business is unable to produce its own paper by using recycling process. The quality given by the business is similar to the copy Udyog of Birgunj and Biratnagar but the customers didn’t believe. The great challenge of this business is that the customers of this udyog do not believe on its products. They always demand product in credit and starts bargaining with the manager in terms of price and quality of the products.

Similarly the environment is not affected from this business because the recycling process is not done in this Udyog. It purchases the readymade loose and white paper

from other industry and uses its available technology like ruling machine, cutting machine and lining machine and produce its paper. In this Udyog fire, water are not used so, there is no chance of destroying products and environmental pollution. Even small pieces of paper are also collected properly and sent for recycle in recycle mill.

Finally, each and every condition of this copy Udyog is normal. Although there are some opportunities and challenges of this Udyog but this Copy Udyog has been considered as successful business till now.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background

Today’s business is customer oriented not the market oriented. Before there was monopoly market but now due to the establishment of Laissez faire economy there is perfect competition in the market. And the business person should give priority in quality rather than quantity. Mainly the research has been conducted to know the opportunities and challenges of Ghorahi Copy Udyog which is situated in Dang District of Rapti zone.

Dang is one of the largest valley of Asia. It is located in Mid-Western development region & situated in the height of 215m to 2058m from the sea level. The total area of this valley is 2955sq km. Salyan and Rolpa districts are located in the northern side, India in the south, Kapilvastu, Pyuthan, Arghakhanchi in the east and Surkhet and Banke in the west. The main rivers of this valley are Rapti and Babai. This valley has the temperate climate. The length (east-west) of this valley is 90km and breadth (north-south) is 72km. There are 2 Municipalities (Ghorahi and Tulsipur), 39 VDCs and 5 election centers.

The headquarter of this valley is Ghorahi. Most of the people of this city (Ghorahi) are engaged in Business. Among the different business Ghorahi Copy Udyog is one of the successful business in dang valley.

Ghorahi Copy Udyog was established in 2062 Baisakh 15, and was registered under the registration act 2052 in Small Scale and Cottage Industry. First of all it was named as Bhrikuti Copy Udyog but in 2068 it was renamed as Ghorahi Copy Udyog. It is the Partnership Business and the owners of this Industry are Chet Bdr. Rahu, Buddha Kunwar and Bishnu Banzade.At the time of establishment 4 employees were able to get the job opportunities in this industry but in the current situation more than 15 people are employed. The starting capital of this Udyog was Rs 8,00,000 and now it is running with the capital is Rs 30,00,000.The main purpose of this Udyog is to accomplish the demand of students, Stationery and different private as well as Government organizations. This copy Udyog give priority to the quality rather than quantity. The products of this Udyog are loose paper, long copy, medium size copy, short copy, Registers, Bills etc.

Due to lack of skilled manpower and technology this copy Udyog is unable to recycle and produce paper but it purchases the loose paper or white paper from Birgunj, Biratnagar, Butwal and Bhairawaha and it uses its available technology and make different products related to paper. The technology used in this Udyog are rulling machine, cutting machine, stitching machine, binding machine, lining machine, kut and so on. At the time of establishment this Udyog was providing its service in the dang district only but in the current situation due to the spontaneous growth of business it is providing its service in all the districts of Rapti Zone.

The competitors of this industry are Rara copy Udyog and Rapti copy Udyog of Tulsipur. There are no any branches of this industry in Rapti Zone but in the current situation this Udyog is running smoothly. The Ghorahi Copy Udyog provide (3-5) % discount to its customer. The price rate of this Udyog is similar to the paper industry of Birgunj, Biratnagar and Butwal. This Udyog pays 13% tax to the government annually. This Udyog pays rent of Rs 2,80,000 annually. This Udyog provide the bonus to its staffs according to the performance of staffs.

1.2 Objective of the study

To know the business opportunities of Ghorahi Copy Udyog.
To know the business challenges of Ghorahi Copy Udyog.
To know the service provided by Ghorahi Copy Udyog.
Statement of the problem

Since, business plays a wonderful role in a developed or developing nation. It also helps to improve the economy sector of the country. This study basically focuses our attention to reveal the evaluation of business like opportunities and challenges and the success achieved from business. Typically, business main motive is to make profit by providing quality services to the customers.

The various types of business have been established gradually because of the liberal and market oriented economic policy of the Nepal Government, now they have been facing neck to neck competition against one another. Although industries have managed to perform better than other local business. Therefore, it is necessary to study the opportunities and challenges of Ghorahi copy Udyog. And also other aspects related with performance of the Udyog.

It has been reported that paper industries like Ghorahi Copy Udyog is operationally more efficient, having more superior performance while comparing with other business. However despite claims, the real evaluations and the comparative evaluations do not seem to have been made to judge the performance of Ghorahi Copy Udyog. Stocks, prices are generally known but a major question emerges. Whether these are adequate or not to reflect the overall performance of Ghorahi Copy Udyog. The performance of this Udyog has been observed as satisfactory.

The opportunities of Ghorahi Copy Udyog are shrinking due to different reasons like skilled manpower, technology and so on. This may be the major reasons that the quality of the product have been found not better.. In this situation, due to the political parties Nepalese paper industries are suffering from various problems. Ineffective management and Technology, lack of inadequate infrastructure and unskilled manpower are the feature of Nepalese business. This study of opportunities and challenges of Ghorahi Copy Udyog is a basic process which provides information on, position, sales, number of staffs ,Profit, service given to customers , overall efficiency in operation and competitors .

Last but not the least, this study is significant in the sense that no study so far has been conducted to analyze the opportunities and challenges of Ghorahi Copy Udyog. Therefore, this study attempts to evaluate the position, performance, situation and status of Copy Udyog.

1.4 Importance of Study

This is the age of science and technology. Science has developed new things in the world. Science is the symbol of development also. i.e. it has developed so many industries and factories in the world. Due to the globalization process people are starting their business in different countries. So that, the interaction happens among the people of world. Nowadays some business people are successful in business but some are failure due to lack of effective management, skilled manpower and technology. Among the various businesses Ghorahi copy Udyog is also one successful business in Rapti zone. The main importance to conduct this research is to know the business opportunities and challenges of this Udyog. Today, we can see the competition in the market among various businesses. So to analyze the situation of this Udyog this research is conducted.

As a student of management, the main importance of conducting research is to develop the internal ability. Similarly the research helps to compare the business before 21st century and after 21st century. Today’s business is customer oriented not the market oriented. Before there was monopoly market but now there is perfect competition in the market and the business person should give first priority in quality rather than quantity. So to know the behavior of the business person this research is conducted. The great importance of conducting this research is to know the relationship between customer and producer.

Finally, to fulfill the demand of management required by different organization and to be more practical in life this research is conducted.

Limitation of Study

The research is mainly conducted to know the opportunities and challenges of GCU. There are some limitations which are given below.

The in - depth analysis was not feasible due to lack of availability of data.

The data available on the questionnaire are quite limited to this report because of which the report cannot be designed in desired form
The study has been completed within shorter time frame so many variables related to the interest of study have been left out.
This study does not cover the comparative analysis of performance of Ghorahi Copy Udyog.

1.6 Hypothesis formulation

The hypotheses made on this research are as follows:

Present situation of Ghorahi Copy Udyog is not good.
There will be spontaneous growth of Ghorahi Copy Udyog in future.
The sales of Ghorahi copy Udyog are increasing day by day.
The profit of Ghorahi copy Udyog is increasing day by day.

Review of Related Studies

As we know that today is the era of globalization and commercialization. Business is rapidly extending everywhere. So, the business environment has been more complex and challengeable. In today's business environment free economy has taken place. Each and every elements of market has vital role in executing economic activities and in conducting the tempo of economy.

So, among them paper industry is also one of the major elements of money market which has played significant role in executing and sustaining economic activities as well as to attain the equilibrium in market and to run the economic cycle. A paper industry is a type of business which produces paper related items like copy, registers, bills and so on and provide services to the customers. Paper making is not a simple task because it required skilled manpower and technology as well.

Though our country Nepal is Developing country it has not been developed yet. The big paper industries of our country are Birgunj and Biratnagar paper industries. These industries produce papers and supply their products all over the Nepal.

First of all in 1979 Thomas Gravell and George Miller published an interim edition which illustrated over 700 examples together with some thumbnail histories of the paper later, this edition's text has been extensively revised and expanded with over 100 new illustrations from many of the world's major museum published with the Winterthur Museum.

Papermaking in nineteenth-century gives us the history from the workshop up, offering the most comprehensive exploration available of the historical experience of papermaking. Leonard N. Rosen band explains how paper was made and explores the many conflicts and compromises between masters and men. The Montgolfier archives are a rich source of information, providing records of daily output and procedures, including complex rules ranging from the precise hours of meals and prayer to matters of propriety and personal sanitation. They also provide insight into the attitudes of the Montgolfier family and their workers - what they made of their trade, their labor, and one another. This case study of the Montgolfier mill, adding details about technological innovation and shop floor relations during a time of social unrest. Paper plays vital role for the dissemination of information. It is used for different purpose like for writing, making notes, books, printing something and so on. Paper is undeniably a vehicle for the flowering of art, literature, history and religion but we didn’t give care on it. We didn’t think that where did the paper come from, who made it and how was it made and what is required to make paper?

The subject of paper is not enough in itself to bring industry and artist together in a paper Biennial. So, to fulfill the demand of the students, private and Government institutions paper was introduced.

Paper plays vital role in human life, while packing something we use paper. Similarly to pass communication paper is used.

Even the rupees we need to survive is made up of paper but we don’t care it and only care about money only. Likewise, among the various paper industries Ghorahi Copy Udyog is also a successful business in Dang Valley. This Udyog was established in 2062 and was registered in small scale and cottage industry. This is the first paper industry to produce paper related products and provide services to the people in dang valley.

Due to the lack of skilled manpower and technology this Udyog is unable to produce its own loose paper and have to purchase loose paper from out which is the great challenge of this Udyog but due to the increased population this Udyog is expanding its business day by day which is the great opportunity of the Udyog.

Hence, GCU is one the major copy Udyog in Nepal. It has played vital role in the developing of Nepalese economy through its facilities as well as its intermediary role among public, business, government.

1.8 Research method

A systematic methodology is required to pick out an actual result for any special study. Research means the search for knowledge and methodology refers to various sequential steps that are adopted in the study. This fieldwork is undertaken to have a clear picture of the opportunities and challenges of Ghorahi copy Udyog through questionnaires and interviews. In the process of data collection one has to choose the method for procurement of data and information. For this purpose, different kinds of research methods have been used.

1.8.1 Research Design

A Research Design is purely and simply of the framework or plan of study that guides the collection and analysis of data. Research design is the plan structure and strategy of investigation conceived as to obtain answer to research question and to control variances. A true research design is basically concerted with various steps to collect the data for analysis and draw a concrete conclusion. The main objective of this study is to examine The Opportunities and Challenges of Ghorahi copy Udyog. To achieve this objective, both the descriptive research design and case study research design have been adopted.

Descriptive research design includes simple description of Ghorahi copy Udyog based on establishment, staffs, building, financial obligation, shareholders etc.

Similarly case study research design includes total study of Ghorahi Copy Udyog. The depth study has been conducted. Each and every aspects have been studied. Variety of methods have been applied to collect datas.ie. Participative method, Observation method, Interview method, Questionnaire method etc. This research design have been concentrated in qualitative study(which cannot be measured in statistical value) i.e. perception, feelings, attitude, image, economic status of the respondent. Although quantitative data have been also used but main focus have been given to quality.

1.8.2 Source of Data

Mainly two sources of data have been used in this research:

Primary Source

In primary source of data collection method, researcher collects data by visiting the concerned sector or the person. Data are collected from the researcher himself through written questionnaire. Most of the primary data are based on the annual report of Ghorahi Copy Udyog.

Secondary Sources

In the secondary sources of data collection method, researcher collects data by the help of published and unpublished sources of different organization.

CHAPTER TWO

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

Presentation and analysis

In this chapter, the obtained data from the various resources are presented below in tables and line and after that those data have been analyzed and interpreted

2.1 Capital structure of Ghorahi Copy Udyog

Year	Capital(Rs)
2062	800000
2063	900000
2064	1100000
2065	1500000
2066	1900000
2067	2400000
2068	3000000

Fig:-Pie-Diagram of capital structure

In the above diagram the capital structure of Ghorahi Copy Udyog has been shown. The total capital of this Udyog at the time of establishment was Rs. 800000 but now it is running with the total capital of Rs. 3000000. So, from this data we can conclude that the Ghorahi Copy Udyog is expanding its business day by day. From this diagram we can conclude that increasing in capital structure is the great opportunity of this copy Udyog.

Total sales of Ghorahi Copy Udyog

Year	Sales in Gross(1gross=12dozen)
2062	500
2063	550
2064	700
2065	950
2066	1200
2067	1500
2068	2000

Fig:- Diagram of total sales

In the above diagram x-axis measures the fiscal year 2062 to 2068 and the y-axis measures the total sales (in gross) of Ghorahi Copy Udyog). In the fiscal year 2062 the total sales of the Udyog is 500 gross. Gradually as the business expands the sales also increases. i.e. it reaches to 550 gross in 2063. Similarly the sales increases in 2064, 2065 and 2066.In 2067 the sales rapidly increases from 950 gross to 1200 gross. In 2067 the sales reaches to 1500 gross per year and it is expected that the sales at the end of 2068 will be 2000 gross. From the above data we can conclude that this business is increasing day by day and the future of this Udyog is bright because we can see the rapid growth of sales in the above diagram.

Total profit of Ghorahi Copy Udyog

Year	Profit
2062	80000
2063	100000
2064	130000
2065	170000
2066	200000
2067	250000
2068	300000

Fig: - Diagram of total profit

In the above figure x-axis measures the fiscal year (2062 to2068) and y-axis measures the total profit of Ghorahi copy Udyog. At the end of fiscal year 2062 the total profit of this Udyog was Rs.80000 and in 2063 the profit increases by Rs.20000 and becomes Rs. 100000. Similarly in 2064 the total profit of this Udyog became Rs.130000. As the sales increases rapidly the profit also increases. In 2066 the profit of this Udyog became Rs.200000. and at the end of 2067 the total profit of this Udyog became Rs.250000 which was rapidly increased than other year. So from this diagram we can conclude that the expected profit of Ghorahi copy Udyog in 2068 will be Rs.300000.

Correlation between the Sales and the Profit of Ghorahi Copy Udyog

Year	Sales (X)	Profit (Y) (“000”)
2062	500	80	53472	310249	9216
2063	550	100	38532	257049	5776
2064	700	130	16422	127449	2116
2065	950	170	642	11449	36
2066	1200	200	3432	20449	576
2067	1500	250	32782	196249	5476
2068	2000	300	116932	889249	15376
Total(n) = 7	∑X= 7400	∑Y= 1230	262214	1812143	38572

Here,

= 1057

= 176

Correlation(r) =

From the above correlation we can conclude that the profit increases as increase in number of sales. Since the correlation is positive, the sales lead to increases in the profit of GCU. So as the number of sales increases, the profit also increases.

No. of staffs of Ghorahi Copy Udyog

Year	Staffs
2062	4
2063	5
2064	7
2065	8
2066	10
2067	12
2068	15

Fig:- Diagram of staffs

In the above diagram x-axis measures the fiscal year and the y-axis measures the number of staffs of Ghorahi Copy Udyog. At the establishment of this Udyog the number of staffs were only four but due to the expand of business the number of staffs also increased and became five in 2063. Similarly seven, eight and ten in 2064, 2065 and 2066 respectively. Due to the rapid growth of business the number of staffs was twelve in 2067 and fifteen in 2068. We can clearly see the line in the above diagram that the number of staffs of Ghorahi Copy Udyog is in increasing trend. So we can conclude that Ghorahi Copy Udyog is expanding its business day by day.

Aggregate sales of different brand from 2062 to 2068 Aswin

Brand	Total sales in Gross
Register	1000
Copy	5000
Bills	1400

Fig:- Total sales in Gross

In the above diagram x-axis measures the brand and y-axis measures the total sales( in gross) of Ghorahi Copy Udyog. From the given table and diagram the high demanded product is copy whose sales is 5000 gross(from 2062 to 2068). The second high demanded product is register which is mainly used by private as well as government institutions and the sales of register is 1000 gross (from 2062 to2068). Similarly another demanded product is bills and the total sales of bills is 1400 gross (from 2062 to 2068). From the above figure we can analyze the aggregate sales of different brand of Ghorahi Copy Udyog (from 2062 to 2068)

2.6 No. of copy Udyog in Rapti

Districts	No. of Copy Udyog
Dang	4
Salyan	1
Pyuthan	1
Rolpa	0
Rukum	0

Fig: Diagram of no. of Copy Udyog in Rapti

In the above diagram x-axis measures the districts of Rapti zone and y-axis measures the number of copy Udyog in Rapti zone. The figure shows that there are four copies Udyog in Dang district, one in Salyan and one in Pyuthan. There is no any copy Udyog in Rolpa and Rukum districts. From this diagram we can conclude that Dang district is developed than other district in Rapti zone. The opportunities of business are greater in Dang district than other.

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Computer Engineering & Management Notes

A Study on Business Opportunities and Challenges of Ghorahi Copy Udyog

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